Executive compensation scheme shareholder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1687 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Introduction Executive compensation is incentive payment to the executive who is acting as an agent to run the company on behalf of the shareholder. Cash compensation include the salary and bonus, while total compensation composed of long-term incentive payouts, the value of restricted stock grants, the value of stock option etc. The unexpected earnings and stock returns directly influenced changes in cash-based and total compensation but not changes in stock-based compensation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Executive compensation scheme shareholder" essay for you Create order Literature review Nourayi and Daroca (2008), stated that the compensation scheme of the executive level is not have strongly related to firm performance. Found the compensation scheme also has a declining link to the performances of the company. Both this authors suggest that performance of the company is not related to only executive compensation scheme. Lee (2009) state, that the magnitude of the observed pay and performance relationship is too small to provide an effective incentive. In others hand that may look forward for executive compensation measure of performance, the management are trying to increase their incentive, there may induce future profitability (Nourayi.m, Mints.s.m, 2008) [online]. Conversely accounting based measurement about the company past performance (Nourayi.m, Mints.s.m, 2008). Nourayu.M and Mints.S.M (2008) state that the incentive paid using non- cash compensation (stock option grants) should be disclosed a pay performance scheme at executive level. The remuneration package typically includes a fixed component and a variable or incentive payment, which is largely paid as a cash bonus and a long term incentive including share option or other form of shares payment which should be disclosed in the corporate governance section of the company annual report (Lee.J, 2009). Nourayi and Mintz (2008), state that the any compensation scheme discloses to the financial report may lead the management purposely alter the financial report to mislead the shareholder or to influence contractual outcomes that depend on the financial accounting numbers. Nouray and Daroca(2008), state that the CEO compensation in regulated industries are influenced heavily by the accounting profit and operational growth as indicated by the increase in the number employees. Both author are stated that the large corporate, the CEO compensation more depend on the firm performance and paid by cash compensation. In other hand the smaller corporate, characterized by their cash flow problems, the executive compensation will tend to option based compensation. Lee (2009), state that the executive should have their own incentive package for the stewardships role. From the view of the Lee (2009) paid of compensation to encouragement the executive level is to increase corporate value and to retain key management for their performance. Nourayi and Mintz (2008) provide that, the sensitive companys performance is no longer tenure and Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of compensation. Drawing from Nourayi and Daroca (2008) result in research, state that the CEOs of the firm that have bad performance still got a higher compensation. Nourayi and Daroca (2008), has make the empirical research that the growth of the sales or shareholder return are not much related to the executive compensation, but are correlated to the earning, book value and per share dividend. In other hand the companies are using the stock option as compensation scheme; the (CEO) may manipulate the earning of the company to lead the share price increase and get higher return on the increasing share price (Nourayi.M.M, Mintz.S.M, 2008). The executive want to increase the value of the share, that may incurred the fraudulent activity in the company. Research by Nourayi and Daroca (2008) found that compensation holding of stock and option are little supported to deduce the shareholder agency cost and the value of the company. According to Lee (2009), when the executive are paid compensation using stock option may create a conflict of interest between the management and shareholder. These conflicts generally arise from the management motives to pursue their own interest at the expense of the shareholder (Lee.J 2009). Lee is providing that the top executive compensation have a significant positive relationship with the shareholder wealth. Compensation scheme The increase in the compensation scheme may influenced by the increase in sales in company, this increase in rate of compensation may known as the incentive reward to the CEO (Nourayi.M.M, Daroca.F.P, 2008). Sales, assets, and stock price performance, are less likely to be affected by the CEO discretionary choice (Nourayi.M.M, Mintz.S.M 2008). Nourayi.M.M and Daroca.F.P state that the politics may affect the executive compensation. Nourayi.M and Mintz.S.M. (2008) are discussed that when the company are provides others incentives other than the cash compensation measurements, this may lead to inaccuracies of accounting because of the difficulty in discerning the value in monetary term to show in company financial statement. Nourayi and Daroca (2008) state that the company provides the stock option in compensation scheme may incur conflict on the value of the compensation when disclose it. This is because the stock option only incurred the economic costs by the outside investors would pay for invest and does not provide an accounting cost or cash expenditure. Lee (2009) is stated that the compensation for CEO typically includes the base salary, a variable component, and other benefit. The variable component is regarded as performance-related the basis which management performance will be measured not reported in the annual report (Lee.J 2009). The compensation do not disclose to traditional financial statement, the compensation scheme is proposal by the executive themselves. The compensation scheme may direct correlated to the performance of the management. The high compensation may help CEO mange the company better. The good corporate may have committee remunerations to control the total of the compensation claim by the executive level in the company. Conclusion In the conclusion, the executive compensation should be proposal by the independence board of director. The level of the compensation scheme of the CEO do not set by one or close relationship person with the CEO. This will influence by the CEO to get higher compensation but provide the poor performance in company. The total compensation need to disclose to the annual report. To give the shareholder can have decided to continue employed the CEO to help them manage the corporate, to decide the corporation is manage in good status or not. The stock option compensation needs to disclose at the price of the day issues to the executive. The executive may need to monitor the rule and regulation in the country that lead the level of the compensation scheme in corporate may too high or low to executive level. Reference Lee,J, 2009. Executive performance-based remuneration, performance change and board structures. The International Journal of Accounting, UK Vol. 44, pp 138-162 [URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6W4P-4W3874D-1-1_cdi=6548_user=8187596_orig=search_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2009_sk=999559997view=cwchp=dGLbVlW-zSkzVmd5=d9559ecc007c2a6b1c67d353b6e22a71ie=/sdarticle.pdf] (Accessed date: 20/07/2009) Nourayi,M.M and Daroca,F.P, 2008 CEO compensation, firm performance and operational characteristics Managerial Finance vol.34 No. 8 pp. 562-584 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewPDF.jsp?contentType=ArticleFilename=html/Output/Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Pdf/0090340804.pdf] (Accessed dated: 23/07/2009) Nourayi,M.M and Mintz,S.M, 2008 Tenure, firms performance, and CEOs compensation Managerial Finance vol.34, No 3 pp. 524-536 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=3355AC1544DBC095B56E07D9ED60CBF7?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=1733175history=true] (Accessed dated: 20/ 07/2009) Bibliography Ang,J.S. and Constand,R.L, 1997 Compensation and performance: the case of Japanese managers and directors Journal Multinational Financial Management Vol. 7 pp. 275-304 [URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6VGV-3SX8BMF-1-1_cdi=6048_user=8233547_orig=na_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1997_sk=999929995view=cwchp=dGLzVtb-zSkzSmd5=c96040dd6413837aa4e1ee57b2480470ie=/sdarticle.pdf] (accessed dated: /07/2009) Brunello, G and Graziano, C, Parigi. B, 2001. Executive compensation and firm performance in Italy. International Journal of Industrial Organization Volume 19 Pages 133-161[Online] [URL:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6VFK-3XH3HHM-4-6_cdi=6013_user=8233547_orig=na_coverDate=09%2F30%2F1999_sk=999949996view=cwchp=dGLbVtz-zSkWzmd5=2f1563eef1372d955d1954a3b8e79156ie=/sdarticle.pdf] [Accessed: 3 July 2009] Devers,C.E and Cannella,Jr.A.A, 2007 Executive compensation: A Multidisciplinary review of recent developments journal management 33:1016 [online] URL: https://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/33/6/1016 (accessed dated: 24/07/2009) Lee,J, 2009. Executive performance-based remuneration, performance change and board structures. The International Journal of Accounting, [online] UK Vol. 44, pp 138-162 URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6W4P-4W3874D-1-1_cdi=6548_user=8187596_orig=search_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2009_sk=999559997view=cwchp=dGLbVlW-zSkzVmd5=d9559ecc007c2a6b1c67d353b6e22a71ie=/sdarticle.pdf (accessed date : 20/07/2009) Michael F, Peter M.Y. F, Oliver M. R, 2006. Corporate performance and CEO compensation in China Journal of Corporate Finance vol-12 pages 693 714[Online] [URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6VFK-4GGXX91-1-3_cdi=6013_user=8233547_orig=na_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2006_sk=999879995view=cwchp=dGLbVtz-zSkWzmd5=098f43a768ee82d17f359d83e536c3e6ie=/sdarticle.pdf] [Accessed: 8July 2009] Nourayi,M.M and Daroca,F.P, 2008 CEO compensation, firm performance and operational characteristics Managerial Finance [online] vol.34 No.8 pp.562-584 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewPDF.jsp?contentType=ArticleFilename=html/Output/Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Pdf/0090340804.pdf] (Accessed dated: 23/07/2009) Nourayi,M.M and Mintz,S.M, 2008 Tenure, firms performance, and CEOs compensation Managerial Finance vol.34, No 3 pp. 524-536 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=3355AC1544DBC095B56E07D9ED60CBF7?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=1733175history=true] (Accessed dated: 20/ 07/2009)

Racism In America Racism - 1096 Words

Leah Song Professor Dongho Cha English 161 22 October 2017 Racism in America The Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended all state and local laws requiring segregation. The â€Å"whites only† signs have ceased to lurk over water fountains, bathrooms, and restaurant counters. However, that is only on legal terms and paperwork. Many Americans don’t want to admit it, but segregation is still around. Sometimes by design or by choice. The 21st century segregation exists only in our school systems and communities. It also permeates our society in ways we don’t even realize. Reniqua Allen and Jeff chang both shares the idea of resegregation and how segregation in neighborhoods affect the quality of life as a minority. Jeff Chang argues that the black†¦show more content†¦As an example, the area by the windows are mostly seated by Asians whereas the students near the door are Whites. These unintentional cultural segregation adds up to racism racism, discrimination, and resegregation throughout the nation. Another way that these concepts can be complicated is by trying to divide people up into the categories of majority versus minority status. We usually see the White community as the majority and other ethnic group as the minority. Wind Goodfriend offers the idea of majority as the social group considered to have the most power in a particular place whereas minority is considered category of people distinguished by either a physical or cultural difference that a coisty has subordinated. Social subordination is the idea, in general, member of this group have fewer resources or less power than the majority group. However, this idea of majority and minority have been thinned out due to the the controversial topic reverse racism came to light. 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Piano Teaching Methods Essay Example For Students

Piano Teaching Methods Essay There is lots of piano teaching method and each one has its strengths andweaknesses. Now, I am going to inform you about the most common three methodsfor children ? Alfred, Suzuki, Amadeus. First of all, the Alfred method usesvisual things such as colored pictures and graphics ? using software, compactdiscs, and /or cassettes is the newest updated one in this method (PianoTeaching Method 1). As you know, a picture is the greatest friend to childrenand it helps them, even adults like us, to understand something a lot easier. Additionally, it could grab childrens attention more easily and quickly thana verbal explanation. For example, you can make a little card to show the scaleor the relationship between notes. It is going to be helpful because studentscan look at it over and over. If you add colors or some pictures to that, italso would be helpful to get students interest. This method gives studentsstrength in reading intervals and seeing the intervalic relationship betweennotes (Piano Teaching Method 1). However, it might cause students toplay by totally relying on position playing instead learning how to readthe notes because it uses the concept of position playing (PianoTeaching Method 1). In other words, students memorize the hand position ?fingering ? but not read the notes. And some people point out that themajor composers should be presented to the students at a much earlier stage thanis typical in this method (Piano Teaching Method 2). This method isrecommended for very beginning teachers who ne ed a certain prepared lesson planto follow and once the teachers become more comfortable and get to know aboutdifferent methods, they are urged to expand from this method (PianoTeaching Method 2). The Suzuki method ? you probably heard this concept alot. This method was applied to teaching violin originally by Dr. ShinichiSuzuki but it now is applied to piano teaching also (Mills et al ed. 1). TheSuzuki method approaches playing piano with listening and development of earand the memory rather than reading music (Mills 114). This method relies onplaying by ear so that students become more sensitive about the tone theyproduce and it makes student concentrate more on their playing, and become moreexpressive with the music (Mills 114; Piano Teaching Method 4). In TheSuzuki Concept, the author indicates that after the good playing habits havebeen established, reading comes a little later (114). However, the studentstrained by this method could lack reading music skill because they depend toomuch on playing by ear (Piano Teaching Method 4). For me, the mostinteresting teaching method is the Amadeus method. The concept of this method isthat the teacher should give a lesson to children by playing with music aschildren play with toys (Back and Lee 25). The author remarks that teaching howto read the notes is not a first step (Back and Lee 25). In The Piano TeachingMethod To Make The Best Student, the author describes that in this method, theteacher should guide children to be familiar with music by their sense ofplaying, and help children to feel and express music through their bodies (25). In this method, the easiest and the most recommended thing for teachers is tohave children sing (Back and Lee 24). By doing that children could learn musicalfactors such as phrasing. Through this method, children can enjoy learning pianomore and become familiar with music gradually and unconsciously (Back and Lee26). I believe that unconscious learning process is the strongest advantage thestudents can get from this method. But as a teacher, you have to be always awareof the lesson plan, otherwise this method might end up just as playing insteadof teaching (Back and Lee 26). Therefore, teachers should always prepare thecurriculum carefully. As I mentioned above, there are strengths and weaknessesin each method. As a piano teacher, you should be knowledgeable about manydifferent methods and use them according to the students needs. You cantjust insist on one particular method because each of your students learningstyle will be different. I believe that the role of a teacher is to find out thebest methodology for his or her students. Teachers should be flexible withdifferent methods of teaching. .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .postImageUrl , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:hover , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:visited , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:active { border:0!important; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:active , .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59 .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1b3f415f978b31e594bb87e52322fd59:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: DRUNK DRIVING EssayBibliographyBack, Ki-Pung, and Bong-Ki Lee. The Piano Teaching Method to Make the BestStudent. Seoul: Jak Eun Woo Li, 1993. Mills, Elizabeth, et al ed. The SuzukiConcept. Berkeley: Diablo Press, 1973. Piano Teaching Methods. The PianoEducation Page.